中国的经济处于高速发展时期，能源消费的迅速增长使我国面临能源供应的制约，煤炭的大量使用造成了十分严重的环境问题。我国广大农村地区，商品能源相对匮乏，农户使用秸秆、薪柴代替化石燃料燃烧，不但效率低下，还会造成资源浪费、环境污染、生态破坏等问题。沼气作为一种绿色的、清洁的可再生能源是目前我国农村地区大力发展的四大重点能源项目之一。沼气项目特别是大中型沼气工程项目的推广和应用在很大程度上解决了农村能源短缺的问题，使农民生活环境得到了改善，沼渣沼液的资源化利用更是提高了农民的经济收入，具有多方面的效益。大中型沼气工程与我国规模化养殖场的发展趋势相配合，具有更加广阔的发展空间。随着沼气工程建设的大力推广，人们越来越关注此类项目的实施效果。然而目前国内沼气建设效益分析的研究大都是针对户用沼气，对规模化养殖场沼气工程项目的效益分析较少，基本上停留在单一的经济评价或者进行定性分析的阶段，缺乏对项目整体的综合分析。本文主要采用定量分析的方法，以江苏省规模化养殖场为例，对其沼气工程建设进行能源、环境、经济三方面效益的综合分析。 本文主要内容如下：在对江苏省农村地区的规模化养殖场沼气工程进行实地调查的基础上，简要介绍影响沼气工程产气效率的因素；结合能源等量有效替代法，分析不同影响因素下产气量大小以及可以替代的其他传统能源的消耗量；计算厌氧发酵产生的沼气完全用于发电所节约的商品电消耗量，以及回收发电余热对发酵罐内料液进行加温所减少的煤炭消耗量；根据清洁发展机制项目方法学的要求，结合规模化养殖场沼气工程的特点，以ACM0010等4个项目方法学为依据，计算养殖场沼气工程的温室气体减排量，得出沼气工程的环境效益；对沼气工程建设的成本及效益进行分析，利用环境经济学中的方法量化相关参数，结合成本效益分析法对沼气工程进行财务评价和国民经济评价，并确定影响沼气工程经济效益的敏感因素；最后以江苏地区两处规化模养殖场为例，结合上述效益分析方法，对其拟建的大中型沼气工程项目的能源效益、环境效益、经济效益进行分析，验证项目的必要性、科学性、可行性。 研究结果表明：规模化养殖场沼气工程项目具有很大的能源、环境、经济效益。产生的沼气在替代电能方面优势巨大，其次为薪柴和秸秆，因此目前的沼气项目大都采用沼气发电来获取最大的能源效益；沼气工程项目的实施还可以大大减少畜禽养殖场的温室气体排放量，特别是在甲烷气体的减排方面，减排效果高达91.63%，环境效益显著；沼气工程的财务分析和国民经济分析结果显示无论是从企业农户角度还是从全社会角度，规模化养殖场沼气建设收益均大于成本，在政府财政的大力支持下，财务效益远远大于国民经济效益，使企业、个人获得了可观的收益，大大提高了农村地区建设沼气工程的积极性。 文章根据沼气工程建设、运行、管理过程中存在的不足，提出了相应的措施和建议，具有一定的指导意义，为江苏省农村地区发展大中型沼气工程项目提供参考依据。

China's economy is in a rapid development period,The rapid growth of energy consumption so that our country is facing energy supply constraints, caused by the use of coal a large number of very serious environmental problems.In our rural areas, farmers use straw, firewood instead of fossil fuel combustion, which is not only inefficient, but also produces a series of issues, like a waste of resources, environmental pollution, ecological destruction and so on. What is more, biogas as a green, clean renewable energy is more and more popular in the rural areas,and as one of the four priority energy projects, with the promotion and application.The biogas project especially the large and medium scale biogas projects , to a large extent, solved energy shortages. So that the farmers’ living environment has been greatly improved .Also the resource utilization of the residue slurry has many benefits, one of which is to improve the farmers' income. Large and medium scale biogas projects match with the development trend of large-scale farms, which is compatible with a broader space for development. And with the promotion of the biogas, there is growing concern about the implementation effect of such projects. However, the study of biogas-benefit analysis are mostly for household biogas, seldom for biogas projects of large-scale farms. Basically, the research stays on the stage of a single economic evaluation or qualitative analysis, lack of a comprehensive analysis of the overall project. Taking large-scale farms in Jiangsu Province as example, this paper gives a comprehensive analysis of its energy environmental and economic benefits. The results showed that large-scale farm biogas projects has great energy, environmental and economic benefits. As is known that biogas has enormous advantages in alternative power, and the following is wood and straw. Therefore by generating electricity, large-scale farm biogas projects get maximum energy efficiency. In addition, the implementation of biogas projects can greatly reduce greenhouse gas of the livestock and poultry farms, especially in the methane gas emission reduction. The emission reduction is up to 91.63%, which brings significant environmental benefits. From the financial analysis and economic analysis, it is showed that from the views of both the farmers and society, large-scale farm biogas benefits are greater than the costs. By the government's support, the financial benefits are far greater than the national economy efficiency, so that enterprises and individuals obtain a substantial income, greatly improving the construction of biogas in rural areas. According to deficiencies in the construction, operation, management, lots of measures and recommendations are promoted for the development biogas projects in Jiangsu rural areas.