土地是重要的自然资源和生产力要素，是人类生产生活最重要的物质资料，是人类活动的基础。随着工业化和城市化的进程，人类社会面临着越来越严重的资源、人口、粮食、环境问题，而土地问题正是所有问题的核心。当前我国正处于工业化、城市化快速发展的时期，人口与土地资源分布越来越不平衡，土地利用结构不合理。未来一段时间内，我国仍然将处于工业化和城市化的加速发展阶段，国民经济的发展将进一步加大土地资源压力。如何协调工业化、城市化、产业结构调整与耕地保护、环境保护的关系是新时期土地利用领域前沿的重要课题。因而开展区域土资源优化配置研究不仅成为土地利用领域的前沿课题，而且是转变土地管理方式和实现土地可持续利用的一项十分紧迫的任务。 本文以扬州市为研究区域，从系统角度，以地域分异理论、景观生态学理论、新置换理论、可持续发展理论、人地协调理论为指导，通过对扬州市土地利用的现状和变化进行分析。运用适当的计量模型，分析扬州市土地利用结构变化的主要驱动因子，运用多目标规划手段，通过将土地利用目标表达为数学函数，构建经济、生态、社会等方面的约束条件，对扬州市2020年的土地利用结构进行优化。并运用GIS与GA相结合的方法方法，通过构建空间优化规则，对扬州市的土地资源空间配置做出优化尝试。全文分为6章，主要内容安排如下： 第一章：绪论。这部分主要介绍研究背景，问题的提出，文献回顾，研究内容、技术路线、可能的创新与不足等等。 第二章：土地资源配置的理论基础。主要概述了指导土地资源进行优化配置的主要理论。 第三章：扬州市土地利用现状、变化及驱动因子分析。主要从数量结构、要素结构、量比结构和空间结构等方面对扬州市土地利用现状进行描述，并通过选取相关指标对土地利用效益进行分析；通过动态度、利用程度等指标分析扬州市土地利用变化情况，再通过对扬州市历年土地利用数据和社会经济数据的分析，结合扬州市土地利用结构变化的影响因素的分析结果，选取适当的因子进行土地利用结构变化驱动力分析。 第四章：扬州市土地利用结构优化。这部分采用多目标规划模型，引入生态绿当量与土地生态系统服务价值指标，建立土地利用结构优化目标函数，全面分析影响目标实现的各种影响因素，将其中的主要限制因素表示为约束关系式，并运用相关软件对模型进行求解，得出优化的目标年土地结构。 第五章：扬州市土地资源空间优化配置。这部分在对扬州市MAPFINFO格式土地利用现状图进行预处理的基础上，运用VC++编写基于遗传算法的空间配置模块，借助遗传算法强大的解空间搜索能力，得出优化后的空间单元地类，将结果导回到MAPINFO进行处理，得到扬州市的土得到扬州市土地空间配置图，并对优化后的土地资源空间配置进行分析。 第六章：结论与建议。这部分简要阐述了土地资源配置的结论，并结合土地利用结构变动的驱动力分析结果，从土地利用规划、土地市场、法律措施、政策引导等方面提出土地资源优化配置的措施及建议。

Land is an important natural resource and productive fact as well as the fundamental resource for human actions. Along with the rapid progress of industrialization and urbanization, human beings is now facing more and more serious problems on PREs, of which the land issue is the key. Now our country is at the period of rapid industrialization and urbanization, the allocation of people and land become more and more imbalance. Economic development will increase the pressure of land resource. Therefore researches on regional land resource optimal allocation are not only the front subject of land use domain but also a pressing task to realize land sustainable utilization. Take yangzhou as research region, this paper follows the instructions of terrain divergence theory, landscape ecology theory, neo-metathesis theory, sustainable develop theory and human-earth harmony theory. The paper analyzes the status quo and change of land use in Yangzhou. Based on the analysis, the paper obtains the drive forces of land use change through proper model. Then the paper construct a multi-objective model to optimize the land use structure by express the land use aims and restriction in to mathematic functions. At last, the paper try to optimize the spatial structure of land in yangzhou by combine GIS and GA. The paper will be divided to 6 chapters and process as follows. Chapter 1: Introduction. This part presents background, problem-posing, literature review, study content, method and technique route, possible innovation and defects. Chapter 2: Theories on land resource allocation. This chapter briefly states the theories that instruct land resource allocation. Chapter 3: Analysis on land use status, change and the drive forces of change. The chapter analyzes land use status through quantity structure, fact structure, ratio structure and spatial structure. And the chapter analyzes the land use change by dynamic degree and other indexes. Then the chapter obtains the drive force of land use change through principal component analysis model by analyzes land use data and social-economic data. Chapter 4: Optimization of land use quantity structure. The paper optimizes the land use quantity structure by using multi-object model. The paper firstly introduces the green equivalent and ecological service value to establish object function for land use, then the paper expresses main restriction in land use in restrictive relations. At last, the paper get optimal land use structure by resolve the model by proper software. Chapter 5: Land resource spatial allocation in yangzhou. Based on the pretreatment of land use map in MAPINFO format, the paper obtain optimized spatial unit land category by using the module of spatial allocation based on GA compile in the VC+ platform. Then transmit the result back to MAPINFO to present clearly the map of land spatial allocation and analyzes the optimized land spatial allocation. Chapter 6: Conclusions and suggestions. By combining the results of drive force analysis and land allocation, the paper advances the suggestions and measures from in the aspects of land use planning, land markets, laws and policies.