人多地少，耕地资源稀缺，是我国的基本国情，同时又正处于工业化、城镇化快速发展时期，建设用地供需矛盾紧张，因此，必须要走出一条节约集约用地的发展之路。 本文总结了当前国内外对于土地节约集约用地相关理论中对于节约集约用地内涵、评价和实现途径等的研究内容。系统的总结分析了土地利用、土地利用总体规划、城乡建设用地增减挂钩及规划等概念，并总结了与建设用地节约集约利用有关的可持续发展理论、土地市场理论、土地报酬递减规律理论、区位理论等相关理论。 在总结前人研究成果的基础上，本文完善了土地节约、集约用地的概念及二者之间区别。系统的概述了城乡建设用地节约集约用地的内涵之后，分别对于农村居民点的节约集约用地内涵和工业用地（开发区）节约集约利用的内涵进行了详述，以期能够认识到两种地类节约集约内涵上的不同。 在参考前人文献资料前提下，对两种评价的区别进行了简单的分析，本文选取了农村居民点和工业用地（开发区）两种地类进行评价，并按照《开发区土地集约利用评价规程(试行)》等的要求，构建了它们的节约集约评价模型。由于农村居民点和工业用地（开发区）在追求效益、用地方式等方面的不同，这就使得两类用地的评价指标选取的原则、指标体系和指标权重上存在差别。本文根据农村居民点和工业用地各自的用地特点和目的的不同，分别构建了评价模型，以期在进行评价是能得到最客观、真实的评价结论。

The vast population and limited farmland, with the scarcity of arable land resources ,is the basic conditions of China, while the country is in the fast develop period of industrialization and urbanization ,there is contradiction between supply and demand of construction land. Therefore, it is necessary to explore a way of economical and intensive land use. The paper summarized the connotation，assessment and realization approach of related theories about economical and intensive land use in china and abroad. Systematically summarized and analyzed the conception of land use, general land use planning, urban and rural land for construction increasing and decreasing planning and so on. The paper summarized the sustainable development theory, the law of diminishing retunes of land and rural land for construction. On the basis of previous researches，the paper perfected the concept of economical land use and intensive land use ,as well as the differences between them. After systematically summarizing the connotation of the economical and intensive use of urban and rural land for construction, the paper amplified respectively the concepts of rural land use and industrial land use economical and intensive, hoping to recognize the differences between them. On the premise of referencing previous literature data, the paper gave a briefly analysis on the differences about the two kinds of evaluation.