本试验于2008年在江苏省如东县马塘镇棉花基地进行。以江苏地区展示的16个棉花品种为材料，从产量及其构成因素、主要农艺性状、成铃数时空分布、品质性状等方面对品种进行了综合评价，主要研究结果如下： 1 不同棉花品种产量及成铃 籽棉产量和皮棉产量以南农8号、福棉2号、鄂杂棉10号、苏新棉858、泗杂3号5个品种位居前五。 成铃数的时空分布以南农8号、泗杂棉6号、苏抗棉1号、苏新棉858、苏杂3号、科棉6号6个品种优质铃比例高于85%，南农8号、苏抗棉1号、泗杂棉6号、苏杂3号4个品种中部及内围铃比率上均占有优势。 上部内围铃单铃重和单铃皮棉重以福棉2号、苏杂3号、湘杂棉8号3个棉花品种表现出大铃优势。 2 不同棉花品种纤维品质 在倒3、4台果枝内围部位，苏抗棉1号在马克隆值、纤维平均长度、纤维上半部平均长度、纤维整齐度指数、纤维断裂比强度五个性状上均表现出优势；泗杂棉6号在马克隆值、纤维平均长度、纤维整齐度指数、纤维断裂比强度四个性状上均表现出优势。在倒5、6台果枝内围部位，科棉6号在马克隆值、纤维平均长度、纤维上半部平均长度三个性状上均表现出优势。 综合纤维品质泗杂棉6号、苏抗棉1号、科棉6号、苏新棉858、宁杂棉3号显示优势。 3 品种产质性状的综合评价 16个品种适应性性状的聚类分析，可归为4大类。 第I类包括福棉2号、泗杂3号、鄂杂棉10号、南农8号4个品种，适应性性状显示高产、普通品质，这类品种产量高且稳定。 第Ⅱ类包括苏新棉858、科棉6号、苏抗棉1号、泗杂棉6号4个品种，适应性性状显示高产、高品质，这类品种应着重提高纤维整齐度指数和断裂伸长率。 第Ⅲ类包括苏杂3号、宁杂棉3号、盐杂3号、苏杂棉66、科棉3号5个品种，适应性性状显示中产、中高品质，这类品种产量稳定性不确定，需要提高纤维断裂比强度和降低马克隆值。 第Ⅳ类包括苏杂棉22B、徐杂3号、湘杂棉8号3个品种，适应性性状显示低产、中品质，这类品种产量和品质稳定性均不确定。

Field experiments were carried out in Cotton Foundation of Matang Zhen, Rudong County, Jiangsu Province in 2008. With sixteen dominant cotton varieties as study materials， varieties were comprehensively evaluated in terms of cotton yield and yield components, the main agronormic characters, spatiotemporal distribution of the number of cotton boll, and fiber quality traits.The main results were as follows: 1. Comparison of cotton yield and the Boll-Setting of different varieties Nannong-8, Fumian-2, Ezamian-10, Suxinmian-858 and Siza-3 were the first five varieties in seed-cotton yield and lint yield. In spatiotemporal distribution of the number of cotton boll, proportion of good quality bolls of Nannong-8, Sizamian-6, Sukangmian-1, Suxinmian-858, Siza-3 and Kemian 6 was higher than 85%; Nannong-8, Sukangmian-1, Sizamian-6 and Siza-3 had the advantage of the ratio of middle bolls and inner bolls. Fumian-2, Siza-3 and Xiangzamian-10 had the advantage of single boll weight and single lint boll weight in upper fruit branches. 2. Comparison of cotton fiber quality of different varieties In inverted 3th and 4th branches and innerIn, Sukangmian-1 had the advantage of micronaire, the fiber length, the average half the length, uniformity index and breaking strength. In inverted 5th and 6th branches and inner, Nannong-8 had the advantage of the fiber length, the average half the length, uniformity index and breaking strength. Sizamian-6, Sukangmian-1, Kemian-6, Suxianmian-858, Nizamian-3 and Nannong-8 had the advantage of fiber comprehensive quality. 3. Comprehensive evaluation of varieties properties The sixteen varieties were comprehensively evaluated, and classified into four types. The first type included Suxinmian-858, Nannong-8, Kemian-6, Sukangmian-1 and Sizamian-6. They had high yield and low quality. This type of varieties needed to remain yield stable and emphatically improve quality comprehensively The second type included Fumian-2, Siza-3 and Ezamian-10. They had high yield and high quality. This type of varieties needed to emphatically improve uniformity index and breaking elongation. The third type included Suza-3, Nizamian-3 and Yanza-3. They had middle yield and upper middle quality. This type of varieties needed to remain yield upward and emphatically improve breaking strength and reduce micronaire. The fourth type included Kemian-3, Suzamian-66, Suzamian-22B, Xuza-3 and Xiangzamian-8. They had low yield and middle quality. This type of varieties needed to steadily improve quality and emphatically increase yield.