食品在我国经济发展和对外贸易中占有很大的比例,是我国产值最高的工业。近几年来,此起彼伏的食品安全事件,形成了一次次的冲击波。国际上的二恶英、疯牛病、大肠杆菌、口蹄疫、禽流感等事件,国内的毒大米、毒豆奶、地沟油、瘦肉精、毒奶粉、苏丹红，三聚氰胺等事件的不断曝光,使人们对与日常生活息息相关的食品问题表现出了越来越多的忧虑与不安,我们日常所消费的食品到底有多安全食品安全问题已成为社会关注的热点。 食品安全问题的发生,不仅对人民群众的身体健康构成严重威胁,也给消费者和食品相关产业造成了十分巨大的经济损失，特别是随着现代传媒对食品生产技术!贸易纠纷和贸易壁垒等问题的报道,已经使食品安全问题对社会和经济的影响被人为的放大。政府作为职能管理部门,无论从稳定社会经济发展还是从保障人民生命安全的角度出发,都有责任和义务对食品安全问题进行监管。 各国政府从自身实际情况出发,纷纷制定了符合自己国家的食品安全监管体制,但到目前为止,还未有任何一个国家宣称其食品安全监管体制是最合理和高效的管理体制,如何利用有限的公共资源对食品安全问题进行高效的监管,已经成为各国政府在公共管理方面的重要课题。 结合目前国内外食品安全监管发展趋势理论，针对国内监管制度、监管机构、监管方式现状和亟待完善的现实，总结食品安全监管理论和研究领域存在的四个基本问题；比较国外食品安全监管体制在解决四个基本问题方面的优劣，启示国内食品安全监管领域总结国外经验，扬长避短；最后，以南京市溧水县食品产业安全监管体制作为研究对象，围绕政府食品安全监管展开，本文的实证分析表明，南京市溧水县在“全面”、“协调”、“可持续”理念指导下，成功解决了食品安全监管中的四个基本问题：基本监管内容要点全面性与主监测对象凸显问题；现期可量化观测的各类标准体系与现期较难观测的、涉及将来远景的、可持续类的监管方法如何协调共存问题；关于地域特征及具有时期特征的各类对象的监管标准问题；关于监管操作中的简与繁的矛盾协调问题，最后提出食品安全监管的长效管理机制。

Food in China's economic development and foreign trade account for a large proportion of China's industrial output value of the maximum. In recent years, food safety incidents one after another to form a second shock wave. International dioxin, mad cow disease, E. coli, foot and mouth disease, avian flu, domestic Duda Mi, drugs, milk, oil trench, Clenbuterol, the drug formula, Sudan, melamine, and other events continued exposure, so that people Closely related to daily life problems of food to show more and more worried and disturbed by our daily consumption of food in the end how much safety is the issue of food safety has become a hot spot of social concern. Food safety problems, not only for the health of the people poses a serious threat to consumers and food industry has caused huge economic losses, especially with the modern media technology in food production! Trade disputes and trade barriers Problem reports, has made food safety issues on the social and economic impact of artificial amplification. As a function of government management, in terms of socio-economic development and stability or to protect people's lives and safety point of view, have the responsibility and obligation to monitor food safety issues. Governments from their own actual conditions, have enacted their own country in line with the food safety regulatory system, but so far no country has not yet declared its food safety monitoring system is the most reasonable and efficient management system, the use of the limited Public resources on food safety issues and efficient regulation, governments have become public in the management of the important issues. At present, combined with domestic and international food safety supervision Theoretical trends, the domestic regulatory system, regulatory agencies, regulatory status and the need to improve reality to sum up food safety monitoring and research in the field of the theory of the existence of four basic issues; compared with foreign food safety supervision system in the To address four basic issues of good and bad, enlightenment domestic food safety regulation in the field of summing up the experience of foreign countries, avoid; Finally, in Lishui County, Nanjing food industry safety supervision system for the study, on the government to start monitoring food safety, this paper shows that the empirical analysis Nanjing Lishui County in the "comprehensive" and "coordination" and "sustainable" concept under the guidance of the successful resolution of the food safety supervision in the four basic issues: the content of the basic elements of a comprehensive monitoring and monitoring of the main issues highlighted object; current Quantifiable standards for various types of observation system and are difficult period of observation, involving the future of long-term, sustainable ways of monitoring the types of co-existence issue of how to coordinate; on the geographical features and characteristics of the period with the object of various regulatory standards; on Jane's monitoring operations and coordination between the fan and finally made a long-term monitoring of food safety management mechanism.