本试验以洋葱品种‘连葱9号’为试验材料，探究不同的单一引发剂和组合引发剂对洋葱种子引发处理效果的影响，筛选出最佳引发剂；选用4%聚乙烯醇为粘合剂，滑石粉、膨润土为填充料，筛选获得了洋葱种子最佳的丸粒化配方。将种子引发处理后再进行种子丸粒化，引发与丸粒化相结合，旨在为提高洋葱种子活力和洋葱机械化生产提供的实践理论依据。主要研究结果如下:

1.不同浓度的PEG6000、KNO3、SA、H2O2、 H3BO3单一引发剂对‘连葱9号’种子进行引发处理，不同程度的提高了‘连葱9号’种子的发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数等发芽指标。经综合比较不同浓度单一引发剂对种子发芽指标的引发效果，确定4种单一引发剂最佳浓度分别为10%PEG6000、0.5%KNO3、0.1%H2O2、0.15% H3BO3，发芽势分别提高了17%、15%、23%、18%，发芽率分别提高了17%、11%、17%、16%。

2.用最佳浓度的PEG6000、KNO3、H2O2、 H3BO3单一引发剂进行两两1：1组合成6种组合引发剂，4种最佳单一引发剂和6种组合引发剂进行引发试验。结果显示，在发芽指标和生长指标方面，大部分引发处理与对照CK相比有更好的表现。其中，A8（0.5%KNO3+0.1%H2O2）的表现最好，发芽势和发芽指数分别比CK（清水引发）增加了24%和19.82。

在生理指标方面，叶绿素含量的变化不显著，相对电导率和MDA不同程度降低，根系活力、可溶性蛋白含量、可溶性糖含量、SOD和CAT活性不同程度增加。MDA含量与可溶性糖含量、根系活力、SOD活性均呈显著负相关；根系活力与可溶性蛋白含量、及CAT、SOD活性均呈显著正相关。0.1%H2O2+0.5%KNO3、0.15%H3BO3+10%PEG6000这2种组合引发剂的引发效果最为显著。经综合比较引发处理后种子发芽指标和生理指标表现，确定最佳引发剂为组合引发剂0.5%KNO3+0.1%H2O2。

对引发处理后的生长及生理生化指标进行了主成分分析。结果表明，洋葱种子发芽指标中，发芽率得分最高；幼苗期各生长指标中，最大叶宽得分最高；生理生化指标，叶绿素含量得分最高。

3. 种子引发和种子丸粒化相结合。用最佳引发剂0.1%H2O2+0.5%KNO3进行引发处理后回干，再进行丸粒化处理。选用4%聚乙烯醇为粘合剂，滑石粉、膨润土为填充材料进行种子丸粒化处理。结果表明，滑石粉：膨润土为7:3比例的6倍物料比下丸粒化效果最好，且在发芽指标上与CK（0.1%H2O2+0.5%KNO3引发过的未丸粒化的种子）相比无显著差异，发芽势和发芽率分别为89.33%和91.33%，保持了原有的发芽活力。

对丸粒化种子质量指标和发芽指标进行了主成分分析，结果表明，洋葱丸粒化种子的有籽率得分最高。

In this experiment, the onion variety 'Lian Cong No.9' was used as the test material to explore the effects of different single initiators and combination initiators on the priming effect of onion seeds, and the best initiator was selected; 4% polyvinyl alcohol was selected as the binding agent with talcum powder and bentonite as fillers, the best pelleting formula of onion seeds was obtained through screening. After the seed is primed, the seeds are pelletized, and the combination of prime and pelletizing aims to provide a practical theoretical basis for improving onion seed vigor and mechanized production of onion. Below are key research findings:

1. Single initiators of different concentrations of PEG6000, KNO3, SA, H2O2, H3BO3 primed 'Lian Cong No.9', which improved the germination potential, germination rate, germination index and vitality of 'Lian Cong No.9' to varying degrees. Index and other germination indicators. After comprehensively comparing the initiation effects of different concentrations of single initiators on seed germination indicators, it was determined that the best concentrations of the four single initiators were 10% PEG6000, 0.5% KNO3, 0.1% H2O2, 0.15% H3BO3, and the germination potential increased by 17%, 15%, 23%, 18%, the germination rate increased by 17%, 11%, 17%, 16% respectively.

2. Use the optimal concentration of PEG6000, KNO3, H2O2, H3BO3 single initiators to combine 1:1 into 6 combination initiators, 4 best single initiators and 6 combination initiators for initiation test. The results showed that in terms of germination indicators and growth indicators, most of the priming treatments performed better than the control CK. Among them, A8 (0.5%KNO3+0.1%H2O2) performed best, with germination vigor and germination index increased by 24% and 19.82 respectively compared with CK (initiated by clear water).

In terms of physiological indicators, the chlorophyll content did not change significantly, the relative conductivity and MDA decreased to varying degrees, and the root activity, soluble protein content, soluble sugar content, SOD and CAT activities increased to varying degrees. MDA content was significantly negatively correlated with soluble sugar content, root vitality, and SOD activity; root vitality was significantly positively correlated with soluble protein content, and CAT and SOD activities. The two combination initiators, 0.1%H2O2+0.5%KNO3, 0.15%H3BO3+10%PEG6000, have the most significant initiation effect. After comprehensively comparing the performance of seed germination indexes and physiological indexes after priming treatment, it was determined that the best initiator was the combined initiator 0.5%KNO3+0.1%H2O2.

Principal component analysis was carried out on the growth and physiological and biochemical indexes after priming treatment. The results showed that the germination index of onion seeds had the highest scores for germination rate; the growth indexes of seedling stage had the highest scores for maximum leaf width; the physiological and biochemical indexes had the highest scores for chlorophyll content.

3. Combination of seed priming and seed pelleting. Use the best initiator 0.1%H2O2+0.5%KNO3 for initiation treatment, then return to dryness, and then perform pelletizing treatment. Use 4% polyvinyl alcohol as binder, talc powder and bentonite as filling materials for seed pelletizing treatment. The results showed that talc: bentonite is 6 times the material ratio of 7:3 for the best pelletizing effect, and the germination index is comparable to CK (unpelleted seeds triggered by 0.1%H2O2+0.5%KNO3) Compared with no significant difference, the germination vigor and germination rate were 89.33% and 91.33%, respectively, maintaining the original germination vigor.

Principal component analysis was carried out on the quality index and germination index of pelleted seeds. The results showed that the onion pelleted seeds had the highest seed rate score.

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