近年来，随着我国经济的高速发展与产业结构调整，已搬迁或废弃工业企业污染场地数量剧增，这些遗留场地多数都要进行二次开发利用，如建设居民小区等，存在严重的污染隐患，亟待有效地管理与修复。进行初步的场地污染状况调查与诊断是场地管理决策的第一步与主要依据。场地污染调查诊断通常采用常规的化学分析方法进行污染物的定性定量，但难以直观与全面地反映各种有毒有害物质对周边环境或生物的综合影响，生物毒性试验可以给出直观切实的综合毒性效应，反映污染介质的综合污染状况。因此，有必要对污染场地污染介质进行生物毒性试验，配合化学分析初步诊断污染场地的生物毒性以确定污染场地整体的污染状况，为进一步开展污染场地的危害识别与风险评价提供必要的数据支持与科学支撑。 本研究以较具代表性的有机污染场地与重金属污染场地作为研究对象，选用大型溞、斜生栅藻、费舍尔弧菌三种水生生物作为受试生物进行急性毒性试验，分别得到大型溞的24 h-EC50<下标!>、斜生栅藻生长量的96 h-EC50<下标!>和费舍尔弧菌反应5 min、10 min后的发光抑制率，作为生态毒性指标，初步诊断其对水生生态系统不同等级生物的危害程度，为进一步开展场地危害识别、风险评估提供基础试验数据。

The amount of relocated or abandoned industrial contaminated sites with the rapid economic development and industrial structure adjustment has been increased dramatically in recent years, and the environmental safety issues of relocated or abandoned industrial contaminated sites have been attracted with more attention widely. These left fields mostly would be used with the secondary development and utilization, such as the community construction, greening lands and so on. If we could not make an effective management and repair, there could cause potential and serious threat to the grounding environment and human health. For these reasons that some effective management and repair measures must be taken, and the first step of site management decision-making and main basis is the preliminary field pollution condition investigation and diagnosis.