黄瓜(Cucumis sativus L.)是葫芦科重要的一年生作物，做为世界十大蔬菜之一，深受人们喜爱。我国是世界上黄瓜栽培面积最广、总产量最高的国家。品质性状是影响黄瓜经济效益的重要方面，深入研究黄瓜苦味等品质性状的遗传规律，利用分子标记技术筛选含有bi基因的无苦味黄瓜材料，有利于加快我国无苦味黄瓜品种的选育进程。 利用分子标记构建遗传图谱是进行性状定位研究的基础，也是进行分子标记辅助育种的必要环节。目前黄瓜上先后构建了10余张遗传连锁图，但因遗传背景的不同，利用一个群体构建的图谱往往只能解决部分问题。本试验以营养器官无苦味素的纯合雌性系9110Gt和营养器官含有苦味素的自交系9930为亲本，以其F2群体、自交九代的RILs群体为试材，进行了遗传图谱构建、营养器官苦味基因定位、基因预测方面的研究，结果如下： 1. 以自交九代的RILs群体为作图群体，构建了一张包含8个连锁组群，130个SSR标记的遗传图谱框架，该图谱覆盖基因组683cM，平均图距5.2cM。每个连锁群上的标记数在5-30之间，长度在10.4 cM-161.6 cM范围之间，图谱密度2.04cM/标记-9.5cM/标记。 2. 通过对田间栽培的亲本、RILs及F2分离后代的营养器官苦味性状进行调查，计算分析后发现Bi与bi在F2代的分离比例符合3:1，RILs群体分离比例符合1:1，表明苦味性状是由单基因控制的，Bi基因为独立遗传。 3. 田间调查的苦味性状结合遗传连锁图，将Bi基因定位在黄瓜第六染色体上3.9 cM的范围内，并得到两侧翼标记SSR02309及SSR00004；利用两侧翼标记对F2群体进行重组单株筛选，共得到91株重组单株。 4. 利用定位的结果及9930全基因组测序的序列，在两侧翼标记之间找到了一个长度为5.948kb的三萜合成酶基因，初步预测为目的基因。并在该基因的一段区域内发现两亲本9110Gt与9930存在153bp的片段差异。

Cucumis sativus L. is an important vegetable in cucurbitaceae, as one of ten vegetables, is loved by people. In our country, the planting area and total quantities of cucumber are the first on earth. Because quality affects the efficiency of cucumber strongly, we research the genetic trait of cucumber bitterness and so on, and screen the material no-bitterness through molecular marker technology, which will facilitate the progress of cucumber breeding program. Using molecular marker to construct genetic linkage map founded a basis for mapping of economic qualities, which is an important step in marker-assisted selection (MAS). At present, about 10 genetic linkage maps of cucumber were constructed, but because of different genetic backgrounds, some questions were handled according to a map from a population partly. In this paper, a F2 population and a RILs population derived from a cucumber line 9110 Gt(bibi) and 9930( BiBi) were used to construct the genetic linkage map, locate organ bitterness gene Bi and prospect the information of Bi gene and so on. In the end, we got four results mainly. 1. RILS from self-crossing nine generations was used as materials, we constructed a genetic linkage map including 8 linkage groups and 130 SSR markers. The map overlapped 683cM in genome of cucumber, average distance is 5-2 cM. Every linkage group has about 5-30 SSR markers and length is between 10.4cM and 161.6cM. The density of marker in the linkage map is 2.04cM／marker-9.5cM／marker. 2. Observing the organ bitterness trait of parents, RILs and F2 segregating population respectively, we found the segregation of Bi and bi accords with an expected 3:1 ration in F2 population and 1:1 in RILs population . 3. Based on the bitterness trait and genetic linkage map, we located Bi gene on the sixth chromosome in cucumber ranging of 3.9cM and obtained two flanking markers, SSR02309 and SSR00004. In the end, we got 91 recombinant plants using the flanking markers to screen F2 population. 4. On the basis of the results of mapping and the information of 9930 genome sequence, a triterpenoids synthesize gene (5.948kb) was found between the flanking markers. Primarily, we predict that it is objective gene and observed the difference of 153bp between the two parents 9920 and 9930 in the region of gene.