粮食在储藏期间容易受到害虫、害螨和微生物等有害生物的危害，造成粮食质量和数量的巨大损失。植物精油是一类植物次生性代谢物质，具有特殊的植物性气味，主要成分为单萜类物质，具有对人畜安全、环境友好、在谷物中残留量低等优点。硅藻土是天然杀虫物质，具有性能稳定，不会产生有害化学残留或与环境中其它物质发生反应，对哺乳动物毒性小等优点。本文系统研究了香茅精油对玉米象、赤拟谷盗两种主要储粮害虫的熏蒸、触杀、驱避及种群抑制等生物活性，以及几种植物精油与硅藻土结合处理对两种主要储粮害虫的控制作用，以期为植物精油及与硅藻土结合处理控制储粮害虫提供技术支撑。 1、采用广口瓶密闭熏蒸法测定香茅精油对玉米象和赤拟谷盗两种储粮害虫的LC50值。在相同的处理浓度下，随着处理时间的延长，香茅精油对两种储粮害虫的作用增强。在20-32 ℃的温度范围内，香茅精油对玉米象成虫的熏蒸效果随着温度的升高逐渐增强，对赤拟谷盗成虫的熏蒸效果随着温度的升高有先增强后减弱的趋势。 2、在28 ℃的恒温条件下，研究香茅精油对玉米象和赤拟谷盗成虫的驱避、触杀和种群抑制作用。驱避试验的结果表明，香茅精油对两种试虫都具有较强的驱避活性，但随着时间的延长驱避率出现了下降的趋势。香茅精油对两种试虫也表现出了较强的触杀活性和种群抑制活性。 3、通过几种植物精油及与硅藻土的结合处理发现三种植物精油与硅藻土结合处理对两种试虫都表现出较强的控制作用，结合处理也有效地抑制了两种试虫的第一代成虫的产生率。为新型、高效、低毒、安全有效地储粮害虫的防治药剂的研究提供科学依据。

During the period of storage，grain could be damaged by insect，mite，and microorganism pests，which could cause huge quality and quantity losses of stored grain . Essential oils are potential sources of alternative compounds to current used fumigants. They have low toxicity to warm-blooded animals, high volatility, and toxicity to stored-grain insect pests. One other promising alternative to conventional neurotoxins is the use of diatomaceous earth (DE), which is comprised of fossils of phytoplankton (diatoms) and acts through absorption of lipids from the insect cuticle and partially through abrasion. DEs have low mammalian toxicity and can be applied directly to the grain by using the same technology as that used for residual insecticides and can be removed from the grain during the milling process. However even when used at the label rates, DE has adverse effects on physical properties of grains, particularly bulk density and flow rate. This paper systematically studied the fumigation activity, contact toxicity, repellence activity and population inhibition effect of Cymbomopog Winterianus oil against the adults of Sitophilus zeamais and Tribolium castaneum, which aimed to provide technical support for applying Cymbomopog Winterianus oil alone and in combination with DE to control stored-product pests, and also provide scientific foundation for simulating synthesizing the new insecticide of high efficiency, low poison, no residue, and no environmental pollution. (1) The LC50 of Cymbomopog Winterianus oil against the adults of S. zeamais and T. castaneum were investigated by fumigation in sealed jar. The control action of Cymbomopog Winterianus oil against the adults of S. zeamais and T. castaneum increasing obviously with time increasing. From 20 ℃ to 32 ℃, the higher the temperature was, the higher the corrected mortality of Cymbomopog Winterianus oil to S. zeamais would be, and the corrected mortality of Cymbomopog Winterianus oil to T. castaneum was at first increasing and then decreasing with the temperature rising. (2) The contact toxicity, repellence activity and population inhibition activity of Cymbomopog Winterianus oil against the adults of S. zeamais and T. castaneum were researched at 28 ℃.The results of repellence activities indicated that the repellence activity of Cymbomopog Winterianus oil against the two stored insects were good, and increases with the concentration increasing, and decreases with time increasing. The population inhibition activity of Cymbomopog Winterianus oil against the two stored insects was also very good. (3) The effect of essential oils and in combination with DE on two major stored-grain insect species was effective. The results indicated that the population inhibition activities of the three essential oils and DE against adults of S. zeamais and T. castaneum increases with concentrations. The study will provide scientific foundation for new insecticide of high efficiency, low poison, no residue, and without environmental pollution.