大豆花叶病毒（Soybean mosaic virus，SMV）病是世界大豆产区分布最广的病毒病害之一，在我国各大豆产区均有发生，严重影响大豆的产量与品质。培育和种植抗病品种是防治该病害最经济、安全、有效的途径，而抗病育种的关键是具备优异抗源,并阐明大豆对SMV的抗性遗传规律。进一步对抗性基因标记定位、对分子标记辅助选择以及抗性基因克隆、明确抗性基因作用也有重要意义。 因此，本研究针对新鉴定的部分SMV株系，筛选抗源、研究抗性遗传并精细定位抗性基因，为抗SMV育种提供抗性种质和技术支撑。利用实时荧光定量PCR（Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, QRT-PCR）技术对抗性基因目标区段内的候选基因进行定量表达分析研究，进一步确定抗性品种抗病的关键基因，以阐明其抗病的分子机制，为大豆抗性基因的图位克隆和利用转基因技术提高大豆的抗病性奠定基础。同时采用分子标记辅助选择（Marker assisted selection, MAS）的方法，验证利用抗性相关的分子标记对SMV抗性基因聚合的可行性。

Soybean mosaic disease, caused by soybean mosaic virus (SMV), is one of the most broadly distributed viral diseases worldwide in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. It causes yield loss and seed quality deficiency seriously. Utilization of resistant varieties is the most economical and environmentally safe approach to controlling this disease. The success and failure of breeding resistant varieties depend on resistant resources, the realization of inheritance mechanisms of resistance and molecular mapping of resistance genes to SMV strains. In China, SMV has been classified into 21 strains based on the reactions of SMV isolates on a set of soybean differentials. The objectives of this study were to identify resistant resources, to study the inheritance of resistance to the newly identified strains, to fine mapping the resistance genes, and to study feasibility of pyramiding of resistance genes for SMV using tightly linked molecular markers. Meanwhile, the mRNA expression profiles were analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (QRT-PCR) in order to insight the resistance mechanism, to determine the soybean functional resistance genes. These will provide basis to cloning of resistance genes and improvement of the resistance of soybean through transgenic technique.