我国土地资源稀缺，耕地后备保有量不足，且人口基数较大，人均耕地量较少。因此，增加耕地数量、提高耕地质量是我国面临的重要问题，农村土地整理就成为解决该问题的重要措施。 从历史资料得出，我国从西周时期就已经开始有类似土地整理的活动了，但真正现代意义上的土地整理的时期并不是很长，农村土地整理还停留在初始阶段，规范农村土地整理的法律法规尚不健全。正是由于缺乏相关的立法，实践中，我国的土地整理出现了许多无序、混乱的情况，比如土地规划在乡村级别的缺失，导致规划与实践脱钩；生态环境保护的相关制度不健全，实践中出现生态遭破坏的困境，影响了土地整理的效果；缺乏公众参与的机制，公众不能及时的、有秩序的参与到土地整理中，土地整理存在不公、不科学的现象；没有完整的土地权益制度，土地权利人的相关利益受损，缺乏救济途径，诉求无法实现等等问题。基于此，本文试图从法学的角度分析我国农村土地整理中出现的相关法律问题，以期对我国农村土地整理的立法和实践提供依据。 文章分为五个部分，第一部分为“农村土地整理的一般理论”，主要介绍了农村土地整理的概念和特点、整理的主体和方式以及整理的基本理论，重点分析了整理主体应当分为管理主体和实施主体；第二部为“农村土地整理的立法现状及存在的法律问题”，分别从农村土地整理的立法现状、农村土地整理法的法律问题以及问题成因分析这三个方面研究目前我国土地整理的现状，重点归纳和分析了整理中出现的一些法律问题；第三部分为“国外土地整理的发展过程及经验借鉴”，在介绍国外土地整理的发展过程以及相关法律制度的基础上，主要分析了国外在土地整理中值得我国学习和借鉴的地方，比如日本、韩国的规划制度，德国的公众参与制度等等；第四部分为“江苏省农村土地整理实践”，分别从江苏省的土地概况、江苏省土地整理相关政策以及该省整理的具体做法来分析江苏省目前农村土地整理的实践现状，总结出江苏实践中的经验，如加大投资力度、出台土地整治规划文件、成立农村耕地保护协会等；第五部分为“解决农村土地整理法律问题的对策”，主要从农村土地整理法的理念角度以及农村土地整理法的定位和属性，来确定农村土地整理法属于经济法的范畴，设定了农村土地整理法的主要内容和结构等，并试图完善农村土地整理中规划制度、环境制度、农民权益保护制度和公众参与制度，从而为解决农村土地整理中的问题提供制度保障。

In our country, land resources are scarce, arable land reserve holdings are insufficient, and population base is large, so the amount of arable land per capita is low. Thus, increasing the amount of cultivated land and improving the quality of cultivated land are important issues in our country, so the rural land consolidation has become an important measure to solve the issues. According to the historical data, our country had already started similar land consolidation activities from the Western Zhou Dynasty, but the land consolidation, which conforms to truly modern sense, appears lately. Mode of the rural land consolidation is simple, the land Administration Law is the only relevant one, and special laws do not guide the rural land consolidation. In order to maintain local homeostasis in the total amount of the cultivated land, the land consolidation is taken as an important measure by each local government. Due to the lack of higher-level laws, many local governments promulgated local regulations. Due to the lack of related legislation about the rural land consolidation, in practice, the unordered situation exists in the land consolidation. For example, results in Lack of the land planning in the village level leads to the disconnection between the planning and the practice. Without relevant ecological and environmental protection system, the plight that ecological destruction occurs in practice, greatly impacts on the land consolidation. Because of the lack of mechanisms for public participation, the public cannot participate the land consolidation timely and orderly. Injustice and unscientific phenomena exist during the land consolidation. The related interests of the land right holders are impaired because a complete system of land rights has not form. The relevant relief approaches are not provided, which makes the achievement of the appeals impossible. And so on. On this basis, this paper attempts from the perspective of economics and law on rural land consolidation of legal issues related to research, to solve practical problems, improve the rural land consolidation. This paper totally consists of five parts. The first chapter mainly introduces the definition and characters of rural land consolidation, the participation bodies, the modes and the basic theories of rural land consolidation, and analyzes the importance of dividing the participation bodies into management main body and implement subject. The second chapter studies the situation of land consolidation in our country, the conclusion and the analysis of some law issues through analyzing the legislative status-quo of rural land consolidation, the law issues of rural land management and the reasons. The third chapter describes the legal system of foreign land consolidation; land consolidation legislation on better, more abundant practical experience in the related system is also more sophisticated and well, such as Germany, Japan, South Korea and other countries. Our country should make reference to the reasonable elements of experience, based on the advanced experience of other countries. The fourth chapter summarizes the current practical experience in Jiangsu Province, such as investing more money in agriculture, setting up farmland association, and so on. That is based on the analysis of Jiangsu Province’s land survey and its laws and rules about land consolidation. In the fifth chapter, from the perspective of rural land consolidation, the position and the attribution of rural land consolidation law, to determine the rural land consolidation belongs to the category of economic law, and trying to improve the rural land consolidation planning system, environmental system, farmers' rights system and public participation system, so as to provide an institutional guarantee to solve the problems of rural land consolidation. The absence of legal theory and legal system lead to many problems of land consolidation in practice. Therefore, it is necessary to establish and perfect the legal system of land consolidation for solving the problems.