配第-克拉克定理表明，在市场经济条件下，资源总是表现为从效率低向效率高的部门、地区和产业转移。21世纪，中国非农经济与城市化的快速发展对农业的土地、劳动力与市场等资源形成刚性上升的需求，农业生产面临的资源约束进一步加剧，与此同时，国际政治经济形式的稳定性还比较脆弱，我国农产品进口存在相当的不确定性。基于此，中国农产品供给的根本出路在于依靠技术进步和技术创新，并能有效地通过科技推广与运用转化为农业的现实生产力。现阶段，中国农业总体上处于资源型的传统农业向科学型的现代农业转化的初级阶段，但农业生产的科技贡献率只有48%，低于发达国家60%-80%的水平，使农业技术研发的巨大投资很难转化为现实生产力，究其原因，一方面并不是农业技术不足，而是因为适合农户需要的有效农业技术缺乏。另一方面是因为我国农户的农业技术需求行为与政府、科研人员及技术推广人员的科研与推广行为对农业生产上所需要的技术在认识上存在着脱节，导致农业科研结果的推广应用率很低。 国家农业部针对上述问题，2004年下发了《关于推进农业科技入户示范工作的意见》，2005年在全国100个县启动了农业科技入户示范下程，为构建新阶段新农村建设的农业科技服务体系，破解新时期农业发展“资源、环境、市场”的约束难题提供了思路。与此同时，社会主义新农村建设对农业科技推广提出了新的需求。 金坛市作为我国一个经济比较发达的地区，非农经济与城市化的发展使金坛现有的农业资源呈现加速流失的趋势，在资源约束越来越强的今天，如何通过农业科技的推广来维持并推动农业生产的发展就显得于分必要。农户是农业科技的最终采用者，是吸收和接纳农业科技的主体，农业技术推广与服务必须和农户的需求相吻合才能转化为现实的生产力。而金坛的基本现实是农户对政府提供的农业科技的需求不足，严重影响了农业科技成果的推广并转化为现实的生产力，不利于农业的发展和农民增收。因此，从农户需求的角度探讨农业科技推广的实践具有于分重要的现实意义。 本研究从农户科技需求的角度出发，以行为需求理论为基础，应用需求弹性理论、公共产品理论、风险规避理论和信息有限性理论，简要地从理论方面分析了我国农户农业科技需求动力不足的经济机理。接下来，在对金坛市农业科技推广工作进行实地调研和统计资料收集的基础上，论文分析了现阶段金坛市农业科技推广工作的现状及存在的问题，对金坛市今后农业科技推广工作的进一步发展提出了相应的政策建议。本研究将从以下五个部分进行： 第1章是引言，阐述研究背景和意义、国内外相关研究动态、主要研究内容与研究方法、可能的创新与不足之处。 第2章以行为需求理论为基础，应用需求弹性理论、公共产品理论、风险规避理论和信息有限性理论，分析了我国农户农业科技需求动力不足的经济机理。分别从我国农户经营的特点的总结、农户农业科技需求动机的理论分析、新农村建设对农业科技推广的需求及我国农户对科技需求的新变化四个方面进行分析。 第3章是从需求的角度阐述了金坛市农户科技需求的现状与特征。 第4章作者在对金坛市农业科技推广工作的实地调研和相关统计资料收集的基础上，在阐述新农村建设和科技入户相关内容的基础上分析了金坛市农业科技推广实践的现状及存在的问题。 第5章为结论与政策建议。这部分主要是针对上述分析进行总结，并在前述分析的基础上，提出有针对性的政策建议，为促使金坛市农业科技推广工作能够更好地满足农户需求提供理论和实证参考。

The Petty-Clark’s Theorem demonstrates that in terms of the market economy, the resource always flows to the dechapterment, area and industry with high efficiency. In the 21st century, the rapid growth of the non-farm economy and urbanization will have a rigid and upward demand of the land, labor force and market. The limitation of resource faced by the agricultural production will be worse. At the same time, the stability of international political economy is poor, and the import of farm produce exits equivalent indeterminacy. Because of these reasons, the basic way out for Chinese farm produce is relying on the technological progress and innovation, and by effective extension and practice of agro-technology, it can transform into productive forces. Now, Chinese agriculture industry is in the primary stage of transformation from traditional farming to modern agriculture. But the technological contribution rate of agricultural production is only 48%, lower than the level in developed country which is 60%-80%, making it hard to convert the huge investment of agro-science and technology research into productive forces. On one hand, the lack of effective agro-technology suited the farmers’ needs. On the other hand, because the different views on the technology used during agriculture production between the farmers’ needs and the researchers’ research and extension of Agro-science and Technology, leads to the low efficiency of agricultural research extension. Aiming to solve the questions above, the attitude about popularizing science and technology was put forward in Oct.2004 by China Agriculture Ministry. In 2005, the program of popularizing agro-science and technology was started in 100 countries in China, pointing out a way of constructing a new agro-science and technology service system and solving the limitation-problem of “resource, environment, market” in agricultural development. What’s more, the construction of new socialist countryside brings new demand for the extension of agro-science and technology. Jintan is a well developed area in China, the non-farm economy and urbanization makes the present agricultural resources lose rapidly. For the increasingly powerful resource limitation, it’s very important to maintain and push the agriculture development by the extension of agro-science and technology. Farmers are the final users of agro-science and technology, and the main chapter absorbing it. Only by coinciding with the farmers demands, the agro-science and technology and service can convert into actual productive forces. The basic reality in Jintan is the farmer’ lack of the demand of the agro-science and technology supplied by the government, and it has a bad effect on both the extension of the agro-science and technology and the convert into actual productive forces, it is adverse for the agricultural development and farmer’ income. So, to discuss the practice of the extension of agro-science and technology from the perspective of the farmers’ demand is very important in reality. According to the farmers’ science and technology demand, based on the behavior demand theory, this paper uses the demand elasticity theory, public goods theory, risk evading theory and limited information theory, and analyzes the economical mechanism of inadequate power of the farmers agro-science and technology briefly. Then, on the basis of physical verification and statistics collection, the paper analyzes the current problems and situation, and gives the policy proposal for the further development for the extension of agro-science and technology in the future. The paper includes five chapters： In the first chapter, it is a introduction. The paper gives the description in its historical background and target, and makes an all-round summary of the related researches, the content and research methods, and the possible innovation and deficiency. In the second chapter, based on the behavior demand theory, using the demand elasticity theory, public goods theory, risk evading theory and limited information theory, the paper analyzes the economical mechanism of inadequate power of the farmers’ agro-science and technology. Based on the survey data, chapter three analyzed the present situation of technology demand of Jintan town. In the chapter four, on the basis of physical verification and statistics collection, the paper analyzes the current problems and situation during the practice of the extension of the agro-science and technology in Jintan exhaustively. In the fifth chapter, it is the conclusion and the policy proposal. This chapter is the summary of the analysis above, and gives the policy proposal, and gives the theory and empirical reference for the purpose of making the practice of extension of the agro-science and technology in Jintan fits the farmers better.