1.最佳秸秆降解菌的筛选与鉴定 本实验开展于2014年11月，实验目标是从瘤胃中筛选优良的秸秆降解菌。首先通过纤维素-刚果红培养基羧甲基纤维素钠平板筛选得到200个菌株，通过羧甲基纤维素钠培养基培养后刚果红染色，筛选到31个有较强的产酶能力以及分解羧甲基纤维素的能力的菌株。再通过液体发酵复筛，测定这31个菌株在10d、30d、90d时对水稻秸秆的降解率，得到有10株降解效果比较好的菌株。通过初筛和复筛效果都比较好的菌株有6#、11#、47#、80#、82#、83#、132#。此外，我们用这些菌液分别对棉铃壳、棉花和棉秆做了盆栽模拟小试试验，30d时统计了降解率，菌株11#降解效果与对照组相比具有显著性增加，降解效果最佳。 2.秸秆降解菌对田间秸秆的降解效果 为了进一步评估秸秆降解菌的田间实际降解效果，本实验将前期筛选效果较好的秸秆降解菌于2015年6月至2015年11月在水稻-小麦轮作田进行了大田实验。菌株处理后每半个月对各个处理土壤养分进行测定并且对秸秆剩余量、秸秆的纤维素、半纤维素和木质素含量进行测定，从而对秸秆降解菌田间实际的秸秆降解效果进行评估。实验结果表明，在157天时，检测各个处理土壤养分变化，与直接还田对照组相比，菌株11#处理组和宁盾处理组在改良土壤上均有显著效果。每半个月取样检测了秸秆的剩余量以及秸秆木质纤维素含量，与直接还田对照组以及宁盾对照组相比，菌株11#降解效果最佳。处理75天时秸秆由最初的43.5g/500g变为7.5g/500g；15～30d时降解速度最快，半纤维素降解率为40.5%，纤维素降解率为27.4%，木质素降解率为20.4%。因此，通过对土壤养分含量的影响以及秸秆降解效果的评估，证实菌株11#（Chryseobacterium sp.）在降解秸秆方面效果良好。 3.微生物肥料“宁盾”对四季豆的促生防病效果研究 本实验于2015年4月开展，通过四季豆在播种时使用微生物肥料“宁盾”浇灌处理，发现能够有效的提高四季豆的出苗率，促进四季豆的生长，有效的防治四季豆疫病，并显著的提高四季豆的果实品质。结果表明：处理10天之后，“宁盾”处理组的出苗率较对照组高9.52%。处理25天之后，株高、茎粗增长量分别为72.31%，16.22%; 处理41天之后，株高、茎粗、叶绿素、结果数、单果重以及亩产量增长量分别为9.70%、16.22%、12.81%、25%、9.22%以及30%，表明宁盾促进了四季豆的生长。“宁盾”不仅能促进四季豆生长，而且可以很好的防治四季豆疫病，“宁盾”处理组疫病严重度显著低于对照组，生防效果达42.75%。同时“宁盾”处理组四季豆果实的可溶性蛋白、维生素C、可溶性固形物等品质指标都显著优于对照组。表明“宁盾”对四季豆豆有显著的促生防病效果，具有实际推广应用价值。 4.不同用量“宁盾”颗粒剂对番茄的促生防病效果 本实验采用不同用量的“宁盾”颗粒剂在番茄上开展温室促生及青枯病的防治实验，通过移栽时将不同用量的“宁盾”颗粒剂埋于番茄根部的方式开展实验，初步探究不同用量“宁盾”颗粒剂在番茄上的促生防病效果。温室实验结果表明，与空格白对照组相比，不同用量“宁盾”颗粒剂对番茄的多项生长指标均有一定的促进效果。通过整体比较，颗粒剂用量为每株2颗时对番茄的温室促生效果最好，株高达到33.2cm，根长达到11.67cm，单株叶片数达到9片，叶绿素含量为47.24 SPAD，地上部干重和鲜重分别达到1.03g和12.03g，地下部干鲜重分别达到0.175g和1.8g，这些促生指标较空白对照组均显著性增加。而且，不同用量的“宁盾”颗粒剂，其生防效果也有差异，本次温室实验防病效果最好的是每株2颗宁盾颗粒剂，其生防效果达到了65.3%。 5.全程有机植保体系在芦蒿上的示范推广 2015年7月在南京市八卦洲将有机全程植保体系运用到芦蒿的种植上，实验分为有机植保体系和常规种植体系。有机植保体系全程采用有机种植技术，使用生物农药和生物肥料，而常规种植体系采用普通的种植方式，采用化学农药和化学肥料。从土壤检测指标、促生指标以及品质指标检测等方面出发，种植前后对两种体系土壤进行了检测，有机植保体系后，土壤中的铵态氮、速效磷较常规种植后有显著性差异并且通过有机种植有效钾含量恢复正常水平,说明有机植保体系显著增加了土壤肥力；有机种植体系的碳氮比为18.37，属于较好的水平，而常规种植体系中的比值偏低，可能会导致土壤酸化。同时我们对土壤重金属进行了检测，未发现有重金属超标现象，通过有机植保体系，土壤得到了改良。移栽处理35d之后，有机质保体系植株株高较常规种植体系高4.2cm，茎粗较常规种植体系提高了2.2cm，叶绿素含量较常规种植体系提高了3.25SPAD；移栽处理208d时，由于没有喷施激素，株高上有机种植体系比常规种植体系略低，但是每株平均分蘖数较常规种植体系增加了1个，茎粗较常规种植体系提高了0.11cm，叶绿素含量较常规种植体系提高了6.03SPAD，说明有机植保体系对芦蒿有明显的促生效果。最后，我们对芦蒿茎杆元素和营养品质进行了检测，有机植保体系的蛋白、维生素C含量显著高于常规种植体系，可滴定酸含量均显著低于常规种植体系，可溶性糖含量高于常规种植体系，同时总黄酮的含量也显著的高于常规种植体系。从各个方面都能体现出有机植保体系的优势，所以有机植保体系有很好的推广前景。

1. Screening and identification of the best straw degrading bacteria This experiment was carried out in November 2014, the goal is to select good straw degrading bacteria from the rumen. First, through the screening of Cellulose Congo red medium, we screened 200 strains. Then the library was selected through sodium carboxymethyl cellulose culture medium, we obtained 31 strains with a strong ability to produce enzyme and the ability to decompose carboxymethyl cellulose. Through liquid fermentation screening, we determinated rice straw degradation rate of these 31 strains in 10d, 30d, 90d. The results showed that there are 10 strains of degradation effect is better. Through primary and secondary screening, effect of strain 6#, 11#, 47#, 73#, 80#, 82#, 83#, 132# all are better. In addition, we do pot experiment by using these bacteria liquid respectively of cotton shell, cotton and cotton stalk. We determinated degradation rate of these strains in 30d. Compared with the control group, the degradation efficiency of the strain 11# was significantly increased, and the degradation effect was the best. 2. Effect of straw degrading bacteria on the degradation of straw in the field In order to further evaluate the effect of straw degrading bacteria in the field. In this study, The pre screening better straw degrading bacteria were conducted field experiment from June 2015 to November 2015 in a rice-wheat rotation field. In every half month after treatment, the soil nutrients were measured and the residual amount of straw, cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin content were determined. Experimental results show that in we test the change of soil nutrient of each treatment in 157d. Compared with control group, the treatment of strain 11# and “NS” all had significant effects on improving soil. We detected the straw residue and straw, lignin, cellulose content in every half month. Compared with the control group and the treatment of “NS”, strain 11# had the best degradation effect. Treatment for 75 days, the straw changed from 43.5g/500g to 7.5g/500g; In 15～30d, the degradation rate was the fastest, the degradation rate of hemicellulose was 40.5%, the degradation rate of cellulose was 27.4%, and the lignin degradation rate was 20.4%. Therefore, through the assessment of the effect of soil nutrient content and the effect of straw degradation, 11# (Chryseobacterium sp.) was proved to be a good strain in the degradation of straw. 3. The effects of bio-fertilizer “Nanjing Shield” on controlling Sauteed Green Beans diseases and growth-promoting This study was carried out in April 2015, by using microbial fertilizer "Nanjing shield", we find it can effectively improve the germination rate of Sauteed Green Beans, promote its growth, prevent it’s Blight disease, And improve the fruit quality of Sauteed Green Beans significantly. The results show that: after sowing for 10 days, the seedling emergence rate of “NS” treatment groups are 9.25% higher than the control plants. After 25 days of treatment, “NS” treated Sauteed Green Beans plants height, stem diameter are increased by 72.31%, 16.22% respectively. After 41 days of treatment, “NS” treated Sauteed Green Beans plants height, stem diameter, Chlorophyll, number of leaves , number of results, pod weight and yield are increased by 9.70%, 16.22%, 12.81%, 25%，9.22%，30% respectively. The results show that “NS” can promote the growth of Sauteed Green Beans. “NS” can not only promote the growth of Sauteed Green Beans, but can effectively prevent it’s Blight disease, “NS” plants Blight disease severity was dramatically lower than that of the control plants, with the biocontrol efficacy up to 42.75%, At the same time the soluble protein, vitamin C, soluble solids of treatment group’ Sauteed Green Beans are significantly better than the control group. It is indicated that “NS” has a significant effect on promoting the health and preventing disease of Sauteed Green Beans and has practical application value. 4. Effect on growth and biological control of tomato by using different dosage of “NS” granules In this study, different dosage of “NS” granules were used,do the greenhouse experiment on tomato. Preliminary explored the growth-promoting and biological control of different dosage of “NS” on tomato through granules were embedded in the root in the greenhouse experiment. Experimental results show that different dosage of “NS”granules compared with blank control groups certainly improve in several physiological indexs. Through comprehensive comparison, the growth best effect is 2 granules on tomato. Tomato plant height reach 33.2cm, root length reach 11.67cm, leaf number per plant is 9, chlorophyll content is 47.24 SPAD, shoot dry weight and fresh weight reached 1.03 g and 12.03g, underground stem fresh weight reached 0.175g and 1.8g. Compared with the blank control group, the growth indexes were significantly increased. Moreover, different dosage of “NS” granules, its biocontrol effect also has the difference, the best effect on biological control of tomato is 2 the greenhouse experiment is 2 granules and its biocontrol effect reach 65.3%. 5. The demonstration and extension of Organic plant protection system on Artemisia We applied organic plant protection system to Artemisia selengensis in July 2015 on baguazhou farm in Nanjing. The demonstration was divided into two treatments of organic plant protection system and conventional cultivation system. Organic plant protection system, using of biological pesticides and fertilizers were adopted in the whole process of organic plant protection system. The normal way of planting, using of chemical pesticides and chemical fertilizers were adopted in conventional cultivation system, We did not found excessive heavy metals of two planting systems, by defection of soil sample. Through soil testing indexes, promoting indexes and quality indexes, were detected two soil system after the planting. After organic plant protection system, soil ammonium nitrogen, available phosphorus have a significant difference compared with conventional cultivation system and effective potassium content returned to normal levels. This results indicted that Organic plant protection system significantly increased the soil fertility. In organic plant protection system, the ratio of carbon and nitrogen is 18.37, which is a better level and the ratio of conventional cultivation system is low, which may lead to soil acidulate. At the same time, we detected the soil heavy metals, not found in the phenomenon of excessive heavy metals. So through the organic system of plant protection, soil have been improved. 35 days after transplanting, compared with conventional cultivation system, the plant height, stem diameter, and Chlorophyll of organic plant protection system was increased significantly; 208d days after transplanting, because of not using hormones, plant high organic plant protection system than conventional cultivation system slightly low, but average number of tillers than conventional cultivation system improves the 1, stem diameter than conventional cultivation system improves the 0.11cm, the chlorophyll content than conventional cultivation system increased by 6.03SPAD. The results show that the organic plant protection system has obvious growth promoting effect of Artemisia selengensis. At last, we future detected Artemisia selengensis stem elements and nutritional quality, the protein, the vitamin C content was significantly higher than that of conventional cultivation system, Titration acid content were significantly lower than that of conventional cultivation system, the soluble sugar content higher than conventional cultivation system. Meanwhile, the content of total flavonoids is significantly higher than conventional cultivation system. Organic plant protection system of Artemisia is worth promoting, because the advantages of organic plant protection system can reflected from all aspects.