在人口老龄化背景下，老旧小区加装电梯已成为改善人居环境、推进城市更新的重要路径。但在实际执行过程中，由于居民对加装需求、成本分摊、利益补偿等存在不同观点，老旧小区加装电梯工作推进成效并不显著。本文首先在阐述老旧小区加装电梯行为等相关概念及其理论的基础上，就老旧小区加装电梯现状、存在的问题、主要措施等进行理论分析。文章认为老旧小区加装电梯本质上是利益相关者在权衡需求、费用、预期等因素后做出的一种公共选择。其次，通过整理北京、上海、杭州等地历年来老旧小区加装电梯政策演变，了解政府在老旧小区加装电梯过程中从“主导”到“引导”的角色转变。再次，选取浙江省绍兴市老旧小区加装电梯作为研究的主要案例，从居民需求表达、加装费用分摊、利益补偿机制等维度对绍兴市2017年以来老旧小区加装电梯行为进行分析，特别是对老旧小区加装电梯这类具有公共物品性质的产品供给情况进行分析，经过深入研究发现，加装电梯推进过程中主要存在公众利益表达机制不完善、公共物品成本分摊机制不健全、居民协商治理机制不顺畅等问题。最后，探索居民自治的老旧小区加装电梯实施路径，对如何构建老旧小区加装电梯合作供给中的自治机制提出对策建议，即充分发挥基层居民自治作用、完善居民内部协商机制、改善政府治理和社会治理等外部环境，提升居民自治实效、遵循“谁受益、谁买单”原则构建费用分摊机制、拓宽社会融资渠道等等。

In the context of an aging population, installing elevators in old residential areas has become an important way to improve the living environment and promote urban renewal。But in the actual execution, as residents have different views on the need for retrofitting, cost sharing and benefit compensation, the effect of installing elevators in old residential areas is not significant.

First of all, on the basis of explaining the related concepts and theories of installing elevators in old residential areas, the present situation, existing problems and main measures of installing elevators in old residential areas are analyzed theoretically. The article believes that the installation of elevators in old residential areas is essentially a public choice made by stakeholders after weighing factors such as demand, cost and expectation. Secondly, through sorting out the evolution of policies for installing elevators in old residential areas in Beijing, Shanghai, Hangzhou and other places over the years, Understand the government's role change from "leading" to "guiding" in the process of installing elevators in old residential areas. Then, choose the old community of Shaoxing to install elevators as the main case of the study, the article summarizes the behavior of installing elevators in old residential areas in Shaoxing City since 2017 From the residents demand expression, installation cost allocation, benefit compensation mechanism and other dimensions, In particular, the supply of products with the nature of public goods such as elevators installed in old residential areas is analyzed.After further research, it was found that in the process of promoting the installation of elevators, there are mainly problems such as imperfect public interest expression mechanism, imperfect public goods cost sharing mechanism, and poor residents' consultation and governance mechanism. Finally, explore the implementation path of installing elevators in old residential areas with resident autonomy, that is, give full play to the autonomous mechanism in the cooperative supply of elevators in old residential  areas, improve the residents' internal consultation mechanism, improve the external environment such as government governance and social governance to enhance the effectiveness of residents' self-governance, follow the principle of "who benefits, who pays" to establish a cost-sharing mechanism, expand channels for social financing and so on.

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