饲用高粱（Sorghum bicolor(L.)Moench）产量高，抗病、抗旱、耐湿性强，刈割后可再生，可以用作放牧、青刈、青贮和调制干草等，在我国南方农区具有很大的开发利用前景。另一方面，随着集约化养牛业的发展，产生了大量的牛粪，严重地污染了养殖场周围的土壤、水源和空气。将发酵牛粪作为有机肥基肥施入农田种植饲用高粱，不仅能充分利用养殖废弃物，减少环境污染，同时还能获得优质的粗饲料。 本试验研究了有机肥施用量（设0、75、150、225和300t·hm-2五个有机肥基肥处理，各处理于饲用高粱拔节期追施尿素，使各处理区施氮量相同）对饲用高粱饲草产量和品质的影响，以及对饲用高粱青贮品质的影响。以期为江苏等地饲用高粱的种植及规模化养牛场粪便无害化处理提供理论依据和技术支持。 有机肥施用量对饲用高粱饲草产量和品质影响的研究表明：在有机肥基肥（发酵牛粪）+追肥（尿素）施氮量相等的条件下，随着有机肥基肥施用量的增加（追肥施用量相应减少），饲用高粱的株高、单株鲜重和单株干重、酸性洗涤纤维和中性洗涤纤维含量不断增加，粗蛋白含量和体外消化率不断下降；地上干物质产量和可消化干物质产量随有机肥基肥施用量的增加而显著增加，而单位面积粗蛋白产量在处理间无明显差异；追肥后，株高的生长速度和粗蛋白含量在短时间内随着追肥用量的增加而显著增加，但干物质生产能力仍以不施有机肥基肥而施较多追肥的处理最差。 有机肥施用量对饲用高粱饲草青贮品质影响的研究表明：在施氮量相等的条件下，随着有机肥基肥施用量的增加，青贮饲料的发酵品质先提高后下降，以基肥施用量75 t·hm-2和150 t·hm-2为最好；同时，青贮饲料的酸性洗涤纤维和中性洗涤纤维含量不断增加，粗蛋白含量和干物质体外消化率不断下降。综合青贮饲料的发酵品质和饲用品质，饲用高梁青贮利用栽培时，施用有机肥基肥75-150 t·hm-2 较适宜。 综合以上研究结果，饲用高粱栽培中，基肥多施有机肥将显著提高饲用高粱的产量。栽培饲用高梁用于青贮时，基肥施用有机肥75-150 t·hm-2比较合理。

Forage sorghum(Sorghum bicolor(L.)Moench) has great prospect in development and utilization in agriculture region of south China due to its high yield, high resistance of drought, disease and moisture. It also could be renewable after cutting and be grazed,mowed,silaged and hayed.On the other hand,with the rapid development of intensive cattle husbandry,the large amount of manure was produced and polluted soil,water and air around the intensive cattle farm.Cattle manure fermented as basal fertilizer for planting forage sorghum can not only make full use of livestock waste and reduce environmental pollution,but high quality forage can also be obtained. Effect of organic fertilizer application (Five application rates of organic fertilizer (0,75,150,225 and 300 t·hm-2 )were set up, and topdressing was applied with urea at the jointing stage to keep the same nitrogen application amount in all treatments.) on yield and quality of forage sorghum was studied in a field experiment.Effect on the silage quality of forage sorghum was also investigated. The purpose of this study was to provide theoretical basis and technical guidance for planting forage sorghum in Jiangsu province and harmless treatment of manure from intensive cattle farm. The results of study on influence of organic fertilizer application on yield and quality of forage sorghum showed that, the plant height, fresh and dry weight of single plant，the content of acid- detergent fiber and neutral detergent fiber increased under the same nitrogen amount with increasing organic fertilizer application, whereas crude protein and In vitro dry matter digestibility decreased. Both dry matter yield above-ground and digestible dry matter yield increased with increasing organic fertilizer application. The difference of crude protein yield among treatments had no significant change. Using increased urea, the content of crude protein and the growth rate of plant height were significantly improved in less time, but the productivity of dry matter was lowest for the treatment without organic fertilizer. The results of research on effect of organic fertilizer application on silage quality of forage sorghum indicated that, under the same nitrogen application amount, with increasing organic fertilizer application, the fermentation quality of silage decreased after initial increase, the best fermentation quality was obtained at the organic fertilizer rates of 75 t·hm-2 and 150 t·hm-2.Meanwhile,the contents of acid detergent fiber and neutral detergent fiber increased，whereas the content of crude protein and In vitro dry matter digestibility decreased with increasing organic fertilizer application. In order to obtain both good fermentation quality and good feeding value of silage, application of 75-150 t·hm-2 organic fertilizer as the base fertilizer is suitable in forage sorghum growing for silage. All results revealed that, enough organic fertilizer as basal fertilizer should be applied in order to obtain high yield in forage sorghum. Application of 75-150 t·hm-2 organic fertilizer as the basal fertilizer is suitable in forage sorghum growing for silage.